Atomic clocks are the most precise and accurate machines ever made by man. Principles of operation are highly complex and involve understanding of quantum physics. In addition, the combination between atomic clocks and GPS receivers yields a highly stable and accurate clock, utilizing advanced technology. In the following sections we have attempted to give you an understanding of Time & Frequency Fundamentals, the basic operation principles of rubidium atomic clock technology and GPS-Rb. technology, without delving into too many technical details.

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